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Important Irrigation Projects in India

 Bhakra Nangal Project 

It Is a multipurpose project for irrigation and hydro-electric power generation. It consists of Bhakra dam which is 518 m long and 226 m high. The dam is constructed across the river Sutlej in Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh. The storage reservoir is known as Govind Sagar reservoir. The area of the reservoir is about 150 sq. km. A barrage is constructed at Nangal which is 305 m long and 29 m high. The main canal is of length 174 km and the culturable command area is 15 lakh hectares in Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan. The project consists of four hydro-electric power generation stations. Two at the toe of the dam and other two at Gangwal and Kotla. The total power generation capacity of the project is about 1200 MW. 

Damodar Valley Project 

This project is situated in West Bengal. It is a multipurpose project for irrigation, navigation, flood control and hydro-electric power generation. The overall development of the Damodar Valley is achieved by the components described here. 

  • Tilaya Dam : It is about 365 m long and 30 m high constructed across the river Barakar. 
  • Konar Dam : It is about 3550 m long and 49 m high constructed across the river Konar. 
  • Maithan Dam : It is also constructed across the river Barakar. The length of the dam is about 1005 m long and 35 m high. 
  • Panchet Dam : It is constructed across the river Damodar. The height and length of the dam is about 30 m and 2570 m respectively. 
  • Drgapur Barrage : It is 672 m long and 12 m high constructed across the river Damodar. An irrigation cum navigation canal of length 137 km is taken off from the left bank. A canal of length 88 km is taken off from the right bank for irrigation only. 
The power generation capacity of the project was initially 105 MW. Now, the capacity has been increased stage by stage. The total culturable command area is about 3.75 lakh hectares. 

Farakka Barrage Project 

This barrage is situated in West Bengal. It is constructed across the river Ganges at Farakka in Murshidabad district. It is a part of the main project, "Ganga-Brahmaputra navigation cum irrigation project." A right bank feeder canal has been taken off from the barrage to connect the river Bhagirathi to keep it navigable throughout the year. This barrage serves an important role for roadway and railway communication with West Bengal, Bihar and Assam. The proposed link canal will be excavated from Mahananda barrage (at Sonapur) to Farakka barrage for the purpose of irrigation and Navigation. 

Gandak Project 

This is situated at Champaran district of Bihar just close to India-Nepal border. A barrage of length 740 m and height 10 m has been constructed across the river Gandak. It is a multipurpose project for irrigation and hydro-electric power generation. The total culturable area is about 15 lakh hectares. The hydro-electric power generation capacity is 15 MW. 

Godavari Barrage Project 

This project is situated in Andhra Pradesh. A barrage of length 3600 m with 174 number of bays has been constructed across the river Godavari. A feeder canal has been taken from the barrage to feed Godavari delta canal system to irrigate an area of about 5 lakh hectares. 

Hirakud Project 

The project is situated in Orissa. It consists of a dam of length 4800 m and height 60 m constructed across river Mahanadi at Sambalpur district. The culturable area of the project is about 2.5 lakh hectare. The hydro-electric power generation capacity is about 270 MW. 

Mahanadi Delta Project 

This project is situated in Orissa. It is executed in two stages. 
First Stage : It consists of the remodeling work of the following 
    (a) A barrage has been constructed across the river Mahanadi near Cuttack. This is a remodeling work of an old weir. 
    (b) Another barrage has been constructed across the river Birupa which is also a remodeling work of an old weir. 
    (c) A link canal has been taken off from barrage to connect existing canal system to irrigate an area of about 3 lakh hectares. 

Second Stage : It is completely a new project. In this stage a weir is constructed across the river Mahanadi at Mundali to irrigate an area of about 5.50 lakh hectares. 

Mayurakshi Project 

This project is situated in West Bengal. It consists of a dam of length 640 m and height 47 m constructed across the river Mayurakshi. A barrage has been constructed across the same river a few kilometer down stream of the dam. The total culturable area of the project is about 3 lakh hectares. 

Kangsabati Project 

This project is situated in West Bengal. It consists of two dams. One has been constructed across the river Kangsabati and the other has been constructed across the river Kumari both in Bankura district. These two dams have been connected by a dyke to form a single reservoir. The total culturable area of this project is about 4 lakh hectares. 

Kosi Project 

The project is situated in Bihar. A barrage of length about 1144 m has been constructed across the river Kosi on India-Nepal border. Eastern Kosi canal system irrigates a vast area of India and Nepal. A hydro-electric power generation station of capacity 25 MW has been installed. Western Kosi canal system has been included in this project at a later stage. 

Tungabhadra Project 

It is situated in Karnataka. A masonry dam of length 2440 m and height 50 m has been constructed across the river Tungabhadra in Bellary district. It is a multipurpose project for irrigation and hydro-electric power generation. The total culturable area is about 3.5 lakh hectares. The total power generation capacity is about 100 MW. 

Ukai Project 

It is situated in Gujarat. A composite dam of length 4928 m and height 69 m has been constructed across the river Tapi near Ukai village in Surat district. It is a multipurpose project for irrigation. Flood control and hydro-electric power generation. The total culturable area is 2 lakh hectares. The hydro electric power generation capacity is 75 MW. 

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Location: Duliajan, Assam, India

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