EXCAVATION OF SOIL FOR FOUNDATION

Many of us has already learned in our college days that before doing any foundation work excavation is must. In technical term it is also called as earth cutting. But how to do excavation or what to do before excavation, does you know that. Well as a fresher you may be aware of these things. But if you are experienced one you know about it. But then also there little difference left about it. Well let's discuss about that.

As per the drawing reading, the layout plan of foundation should be taken more than the given drawing. If in drawing it is given 2400 x 1800 then for marking you should have to take 2600 x 2000. Because after excavation you should have to place the shuttering for concreting for the footing. But then also the gap you placed is not enough because after excavation by JCB there are lots of error which you cannot identify it but can determine it. And also excavation by JCB is not accurate but it takes less time than manwork.

After excavation by JCB, the manwork is done for it accurate shape and size and most importantly to find out the center of the footing. When all these things are done and the base of the footing is perfectly levelled then the brick soiling or sand filling is done. If the building is of ground floor then brick soiling is okk but if it is of G+4 or G+5 then sand filling is must. Because as a Civil Engineer you all know that bearing capacity of sandy soil is more then that of clay soil.

After brick soiling or sand filling PCC is done of ratio 1:3:6. This PCC makes the base of the foundation strong and above which the RCC work can be done. But the RCC work is done the very next day because if the excavation pit rises water above the PCC level then it becomes very difficult for the workers to work at the site. So the RCC work is done the next day and it becomes smooth and efficient for the workers to work at it. And remember one thing there should be maximum 50mm gaping before placing any footing work. The best idea is to use the cover block of 50mm.

After that foundation the column head is done which is above the footing. We also called it as pedestal column. This varies with size and height. After all these work the back filling is done. And at last the foundation work is over.

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